Zhivko Todorov
ALL CASE STUDIES

CASE 41 · ASPER · 2024

SSM SESSION MANAGERAUDITCLOUDTRAILKMS

Privileged sessions on the record, by default.

A defence contractor had to demonstrate to a government auditor that every privileged shell session on a production host was logged with full transcript. They had been doing this through screen-recording on Workspaces. We replaced it with SSM Session Manager logging and a tamper-evident archive.

INDUSTRY

Defence contractor

DOMAIN

SECURITY

DELIVERED

2024

STACK

SSM SESSION MANAGER·CLOUDWATCH LOGS·S3 OBJECT LOCK·KMS·CLOUDTRAIL·IAM IDENTITY CENTER

RESULTS

What changed, by the numbers.

SSH KEYS RETIRED

100%

NO MORE BASTION

SESSION COVERAGE

100%

TRANSCRIPT + KEYSTROKES

AUDIT FINDINGS

0

PRIOR YEAR: 8

TIME TO ATTRIBUTE A SESSION

< 30s

CLOUDTRAIL QUERY

HOW IT WENT

The previous setup was elaborate: a bastion host, a screen recorder, an upload job. The recordings were big (video of a terminal session), the search was awful (you watched the video to find the command), and the integrity story was thin.

Session Manager replaced all of it. Engineers connected via IAM Identity Center → AWS CLI → start-session. Every keystroke landed in CloudWatch Logs, encrypted with a KMS key only the security account could decrypt. Transcripts archived to S3 with Object Lock in compliance mode.

The auditor’s test query was specific: "show us every command run by user X on host Y between dates A and B." Previous answer time: half a day of video review. New answer time: 28 seconds via CloudWatch Logs Insights. The bastion was retired in week three.

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